The five-seat type M-21 passenger car "Volga", with its comfortable, closed, four-door, all-metal body, is a fully modern car in the best sense of the word, with an elegant outer appearance, distinguished by simple and convenient control and high operating economy.
Convenient seating accommodations both for the passenger and driver, the presence of a heater for the windshield glass, of a car saloon heater, which operate both when the car is in motion and at rest, a back-folding front seat utilized as part of a bed—all these features are a great comfort in the "Volga" driving, not only on business and short-time city trips, but also for long touring travel.
A streamlined body, soft front and rear suspensions fitted with double-acting hydraulic shock absorbers, good geometry of the front wheels, front suspension levers and steering gear arrangement as well as a light steering wheel provide the "Volga" car with excellent smooth running, great road stability and make it possible to travel on high speeds under most diverse road conditions.
The convex continuous windshield glass and rear glass permit the driver to view perfectly well everything both in the front and in the rear of the car. The suspended brake pedal, automatic gear shifts and convenient arrangement of the steering wheel and control levers greatly relieve the driver's efforts.
The instrument panel faced with coloured plastics and beautifully decorated is open to the driver's eye from all positions of the steering wheel.
On the instrument panel on both sides of the speedometer are installed in pairs: on the left-hand side-an ammeter and petrol level gauge, on the right-hand side-an indicator of coolant liquid temperature and an oil pressure gauge.
The speedometer is semi-circular in shape, pointer-type,equipped with an odometer — a counter of the total amount of kilometres travelled by the car.
By night all the instruments are illuminated by an eye pleasing soft electric light. A radioreceiver and an electric clock are set up on the right-hand side of the instrument panel. The front panel is provided with an accessory box and with an electric cigarette lighter. On the left-hand side of the instrument panel there are located shiftable hand levers that allow to adjust the inflow into the saloon of fresh and heated air.
Car srvicing is considerably facilitated by centralized lubrication of the hinged joints of the front suspension levers and steering gear rods, and the service life of these units is increased.
The perfect balance of the engine and its being fixed on the car by means of rubber pads eliminate the possibility of the occurence of noise and vibrations within the car caused by the running engine.
Horsepower @ 4,000 rpm
Maximum torque (kg•m)
Displacement
The "Volga" car is equipped with a roomy luggage compartment, provided with a tight closing and key-locked cover, that eliminates dust penetration into the compartment. By night, or in a dark place the luggage compartment is illuminated by an electric bulb, which lights up automatically when the luggage compartment cover is opened. A spare wheel is conveniently placed on a special bracket in the luggage compartment, and a set of chauffeur tools is also kept there.
The beautifully and conveniently arranged instruments are lined with coloured plastics, fully harmonizing both with the colour of the interior upholstery and of the exterior body colouring.
The convenient arrangement of the steering column, hand levers and control levers in the driver's cabin and their operating ease eliminate the possibility of the driver getting tired while driving in the city amidst intense traffic, and make lengthy out-of-town voyages joyous.
The car is equipped with soft convenient seats arranged about the middle section of the car, where the chassis vibrations are felt least of all in rides on uneven roads. The shape of the seats secures free and facile seating for the passengers in the saloon and in the driver's cabin. The front seat is equipped with a gear, by means of which it may, without effort, be adjusted in any position convenient to both the passengers and driver.
The very best and most beautifully coloured materials are used for upholstering the "Volga" car body interior. The edges of pillows and seat backs are bordered with strong moisture-proof leather-like soft coloured textile fabrics, beautifully matched with the outer car body colouring.
The beautifully and conveniently arranged instruments are lined with coloured plastics, fully harmonizing both with the colour of the interior upholstery and of the exterior body colouring.
The convenient arrangement of the steering column, hand levers and control levers in the driver's cabin and their operating ease eliminate the possibility of the driver getting tired while driving in the city amidst intense traffic, and make lengthy out-of-town voyages joyous.
The car is equipped with soft convenient seats arranged about the middle section of the car, where the chassis vibrations are felt least of all in rides on uneven roads. The shape of the seats secures free and facile seating for the passengers in the saloon and in the driver's cabin. The front seat is equipped with a gear, by means of which it may, without effort, be adjusted in any position convenient to both the passengers and driver.
The very best and most beautifully coloured materials are used for upholstering the "Volga" car body interior. The edges of pillows and seat backs are bordered with strong moisture-proof leather-like soft coloured textile fabrics, beautifully matched with the outer car body colouring.
Excellent screening of the radio receiver and electrical equipment instruments of the engine and the use of a loud-speaker of excellent acoustical quality ensure pleasing radio reception sounding both at stop-pages and while the car is running, for all ranges of radio transmission. The outer radio aerial is mounted on the roof of the car in a special seat and may be telescoped by means of a hand lever located in the driver's cabin.
By throwing back the hand lever located in the rear of the front seat its back is lowered back into a horizontal position and fills the space between the seats, forming a convenient bed, which may be used both for resting and sleep in far travelling while the car is at rest. In the corners of the front seat back there are built in two neatly shaped collapsible legs which rest on the body bottom, when the front seat back gets into horizontal position, thus provid-ing an additional reliable support for the bed. The beautifully finished stationary body door handles are provided with automatic knob catches securely holding the doors in the body frame. The "Volga" car is equipped with a beautifully finished radio receiver of the latest design, with push-button control.
The use of two propeller shafts with a soft intermediate support in the car saloon permits to lower the tunnel protrusion of the propeller shaft considerably, which provides the passengers with additional convenience. Precise balance of the propeller shafts also eliminates chassis vibration of the running car over the entire range of speeds.
The "Volga" car is equipped with a four-cylinder engine of modern design. The upper arrangement of valves (in the cylinder head) and the use of a special carburettor with fuel mixture suction noise damping makes it the most economical and noiseless engine in its class.
The fine balancing of the crankshaft and soft suspension of the engine exclude the possibility of vibrations, while the engine is in operation. All engine units are easily accessible both for maintenance and repairs.
The engine head, cylinder block and pistons are sturdy aluminium alloy astings. Crankshaft main journals and crank pins are hardened by high frequency current and are provided with thin-walled bushings. All these features secure economical and lasting engine service.
An artfully finished ornament and maker's emblem are set up on the front end of the hood.
| Body | |
| Five-seat, four-door, closed, all-metal of the support structure type. | |
| Engine | |
| Type: | Four-cylinder, four-cycle, carburettor type, with valve-in-head location. |
| Cylinder diameter, mm | 92 |
| Piston stroke, mm | 92 |
| Piston displacement | 2.445 |
| Compression ratio | 7.5:1 |
| Maximum power at 4,000 r.p.m., HP | 80 |
| Maximum torque, kg•m | 18 |
| The head and cylinder block are sturdy aluminium alloy castings. The cylinder block is equipped with replaceable wear-resistant liners. The aluminium pistons are tin-coated, with two compression rings and one scraper ring. | |
| Lubricating System | |
| Combined pressure and spray type. | |
| Power Supply | |
| Carburettor with dropping current. Equipped with an air-filter and suction noise damper. Fuel-petrol, octane number 80. | |
| Cooling System | |
| Liquid, closed type, with forced circulation. | |
| Power Transmission | |
| Automatic, consisting of a hydro-transmitter and a planetary gearbox. When the car running speed is on the in-crease, the hydro-transmitter acts as a hydraulic coupling. | |
| Gear Ratios: first speed | 2.84:1 |
| Gear Ratios: second speed | 1.68:1 |
| Gear Ratios: third speed | 1.00:1 |
| Gear Ratios: reverse speed | 1.72:1 |
| Propeller Transmission | |
| Open type, is provided with two shafts with a soft intermediate support and three propellers on needle bearings. | |
| Running Gear | |
| Front Suspension - fitted Independent, on vertical spiral springs with two double-acting hydraulic shock absorbers. | |
| Rear Suspension - Spring type, on two semi-elliptical encased springs provided with rubber bushings. The rear suspension is equipped with hydraulic double-acting shock absorbers. | |
| Rear Axle | |
| Made of a cast housing and forged cover, flange-connected in a vertical plane. Flanged semi-axles of the half-unloaded type. The final drive is of the spiraltooth bevel gear type. The final drive ratio is 3.78:1. | |
| Brakes | |
| Hydraulic pedal shoe brake, applied to all four wheels. Central (hand) mechanical, drum-type brake. Set up behind the gearbox. The shoe brake pedal is of the suspended type equipped with a wear-resistant plastic bush, which requires no lubrication. | |
| Steering | |
| Globoidal worm and double roller type. Mean gear ratio is 18.2:1. | |
| Wheels | |
| Low pressure type, size—6.70 in. x 15 | |
| Basic Data | |
| Overall length | 4830 |
| Overall width | 1800 |
| Overall height | 1620 |
| Full load road clearance, mm | 190 |
| Turning radius (along the front outer wheel track), mm | 6300 |
| Front wheel track, mm | 1410 |
| Rear wheel track, mm | 1420 |
| Dry weight, kg | 1360 |
| Maximum speed, km/hr | 135 |
| Fuel consumption per 100 km of travel | 9 |
| Petrol tank capacity | 60 |
| Electrical Equipment | |
| Storage battery | 12 V, 54 A/hr, in an ebonite mono-block. |
| Generator | Shunt type, 220 W. |
| Control relay | Miniature size consisting of a reverse-current relay, voltage and current regulator. |
| Ignition | Battery type. |
| Ignition timer | With automatic centrifugal and vacuum spark advance regulation and an octane selector. |
| Starter | With electrical drive engaging. |
| Ignition lock | Has three key positions: first-neutral, when ignition is "off". Second-when ignition is "on" and third-for engaging the starter. After the engine is start-ed, the starter gets disengaged automatically, and the key is placed in the position: "ignition on". |
| Headlamps | With semi-demountable, sealed beam type optical elements, with one double-filament bulb of both high and low beam light. |
| Rear lights | Consist of two sections. The upper section is equipped with a red disperser, a double-filament bulb, and acts as a turn-indica-tor, a "stop" signal and an outline indicator. The lower section provided with colourless dispersion is engaged automatically at reverse, running. |
| Under-lights | Serve as turn indicator and outline indicator. |
| Dome lamp | The saloon is equipped with dome lamp and with a Frosted glass disperser. |
| Luggage compartment light | Is equipped with light an automatic switching device which operates at a time when the entire lighting system is switched off during parking. |
